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Thursday, January 26, 2017

Bitterness Spreads...A Tale of African Acacia Trees...









The tree in the photo above is an African Acacia Tree.  They are often called umbrella trees because their canopy is often umbrella shaped and many animals seek shelter from the sun in the shade they provide.  This particular tree is hosting a rather large colony of Sociable Weaver birds.

These trees are a favorite feast for many grazing animals, but one animal in particular has a taste for their leaves.  Let me give you a photo clue as to what animal I'm talking about:


You guessed it...  the Giraffe love to eat Acacia tree leaves.  On a side note, this guy was as curious about me as I was about him.  He bent down to get a better look at me through the branches of this tree.  Fun!  

But, back to the Acacia Tree.  Now this tree has some built in defenses against being eaten by grazing animals.  Like most trees in Africa, the Acacia tree is covered in thorns.  But this tree is not your average thorny tree.  Oh no, they have two sets of thorns, one long and straight thorn and one with a small hook that is attached alongside the big long thorn.  These thorns grow up to four inches long! These are very sharp and pointy and will rip through clothing like it's butter.  This I learned from experience while tracking an elephant on foot through the bush, one of those thorns caught the sleeve of my down jacket and ripped a hole in it.  Throughout the rest of the trip everywhere I walked and every time I moved, my jacket puffed out downy feathers.  I walked around with feathers floating around me like some kind of weird shedding bird.

You would think that these thorns would be enough to detour the animals from eating the leaves.  But, the Giraffe have a specialized tongue.  The average Giraffe tongue is twenty inches long.  It is thin and almost prehensile in use -- by which I mean they can literally curl their tongue around a whole branch and strip it clean.  The Giraffe tongue is very tough and desensitized to the sting of the thorns.  They have also adapted a set of molars which they use to crush the thorns.  Something else you should know about the Giraffe is that they consume up to 140 pounds of produce a day.  That's a lot of leaves.   It means that a single Giraffe could possible strip several trees bare of it's leaves in a single day.  And we all know that leaves are important to trees for things like photosynthesis. The other problem that the Acacia tree faces is that while it may be able to grow taller than many animals, thus keeping it's leaves out of reach of hungry mouths, the an adult Giraffe can stand nearly twenty feet tall.

So, faced with a predator such as a Giraffe, you might wander how Acacia trees survive at all.  The secret to their survival is bitterness. Yes, you read that correctly, bitterness is the key.  You see, to prevent overgrazing, which will result in the death of the tree, the Acacia participates in chemical warfare.  When the tree senses an "attack" on it's leaves it does two things.  First, it increases a chemical in it's leaves called tannin.  In small amounts, tannin doesn't bother animals, but in increased amounts, it turns the leaves bitter.  In fact, animals that have continued to eat the leaves after the tannin has been increased have been known to die, because the tannin is toxic in large amounts.

Next, the tree  releases a chemical called ethylene into the air.  This chemical is carried downwind to other Acacia trees and when those trees "sense" this chemical, they are then triggered to release the tannins in their leaves, turning them bitter, and to release more ethylene into the air... which is carried downwind... and so on. So the bitterness is passed on, down through the line of trees, thus preventing overgrazing in that area.  The Giraffe are on to this game, and the minute they sense that the leaves are turning bitter, they move on to another tree, UPWIND.  

Fascinating stuff, huh?  But now I want you to make a leap with me here.  I want to focus on the word Bitterness.  When I looked up the word bitterness, one of the definitions was anger and disappointment at being treated unfairly;  resentment.  But a few other words popped up in the definition as well and they were:  

unpleasantness, disagreeableness, nastiness, rancor, spite, harshness, sourness, churlishness, peevishness, acrimony, hostility, malice, antagonism, vitriol, hatred, loathing, poison, and venom.

Wow... all that from the word bitterness.  That's quite a list, wouldn't you say? In fact, I really couldn't find a positive connotation  of the word bitter, the only exception being in the context of an alcoholic drink.  Most of us want to avoid anything bitter, whether it's food, people, whatever.  Bitter doesn't taste good.  Bitter doesn't feel good.  And a bitter person is no fun to be around.

The other problem with bitterness, is that it's hard to get rid of once it has taken hold.  Have you ever bit into a piece of fruit that is bitter?  That taste is awful hard to get out of your mouth afterwards isn't it?  Have you ever spent time around a person who was bitter?  Odds are that if you spent any amount of time around them, you left feeling worse emotionally.  That's the serious problem with bitterness,  it spreads.

The Bible says this about bitterness:

"Get rid of  all bitterness, rage and anger, brawling and slander, along with every form of malice." Ephesians 4:31

Recognize a few of those words associated with bitterness in the definition above? Hmmmm..

Acts 8:23 says this: "For I see that you are full of bitterness and captive to sin."

I'll circle back to all this in a second.  I was very disturbed by what I saw, heard, and read during this year's election process-- from both sides of the fence-- people were WAY out of the lines of treating  each other with common decency and respect.  I was hopeful that some of that would at least calm down once the election was over.  Then, I thought that once the inauguration took place it would calm down, and now, now I think we are seeing the ramifications of allowing anger and bitterness to take hold in your heart and life.

These are just two of the statements I read yesterday on Facebook:

1.  In one day, Trump got more fat women out walking than Michelle Obama did in 8 years.

2 (If you voted for Trump).. then you are truly deplorable, please take that label and own it and stop hiding behind your beliefs.

I will tell you right now, that both of those comments bother me.  And they should bother you. I find both comments indefensible.  Both of those comments are born not out of anger alone, but anger that has been encouraged and allowed to fester into bitterness.   And Bitterness is toxic.  Remember the tannins in the Acacia leaves that made them bitter?  Do you remember what I said up above that not only is tannin bitter tasting, but that it is also a toxin?  Animals who eat too many of the Acacia leaves containing extra tannins die.  

Bitterness in the human heart will cause death in your life.  A study done in the UK in 2011 directly linked harbored bitterness with the increase of physical disease and a weakened immune system.  Mentally and emotionally bitterness causes depression.  But, in my opinion the worst part of bitterness comes from the breakdown of human interaction.  The lens of bitterness distorts your view of people.  It allows you to view people as ideals, beliefs, or actions,  not as human beings.  Another way to look at this is that each person is made up of many different layers.  One layer is the layer of humanness-- the layer that we all have in common-- the idea that we all bleed the same color, we all feel pain, hunger, joy, sorrow etc....  The next layer might involve beliefs or religion or  a moral compass or whatever you want to call it.  The next layer might be cultural.  And so on, you get the picture, no one human being is made up of a single layer.  We are each complex and multi-layered. However, when you view someone through a lens of bitterness, you allow yourself to only view one layer of that person.  Bitterness allows you discount the truth about the complexity of people.  In fact, bitterness then takes it one step further, in that it allows you to then judge that person based upon one small part of their whole.  When you feel like you can judge a person based on one layer, it's not a long leap to then dehumanize them and treat them with contempt.  Am I making sense to you?  

It is this bitterness that is causing people to speak to each other in ways that make my heart break.  And I believe that I'm not the only one.  This is not how God wants us to interact.  This is not how we are made to interact with each other.  Bitterness builds walls between people.  If you are bitter, you don't listen to what anyone else is really saying.  Bitterness allows you to be selfish.  It allows you to put your feelings above all others.  It allows you to discount anyone else and their feelings. 

To be honest, I'm not sure that Jesus would actually have a "dog in this fight" as some might say.  He was certainly born during a time of great political turmoil.  The Jewish people didn't recognize or understand him because he wan't political in his dealings with people.  He didn't get involved in  politics.  He didn't get involved in the injustice doled out by the Roman government.  My guess is that if they had held an election, he might not have participated at all.  Instead, Jesus focused on what was important-- people.  Helping people.  Serving others.  Love was his focus all along.  He loved people regardless of political affiliation, social standing, economic standing, or religious belief (or unbelief).  

So that's it.  That's where I am standing.  I am standing on the side of love.  Love for all.  I think that's a side that Jesus would choose.  I encourage you to be cautious about what you say and put out there.  Is it coming from a place of bitterness and anger?  Are you looking at only one layer of the person in front of you?  

"A gentle response defuses anger, but a sharp tongue kindles a temper-fire."  Proverbs 15:1

One small side note, and then I'll get to some photo's because if you are like me, thats probably your favorite part of the blog (and probably the best part).  I have no issue with those who are peacefully protesting-- it is their right to do so, and it does nothing to hurt me.   I personally want to live in a country where voices are heard, on all sides.  I have no issue with those who have differing political beliefs than I do, because that is just one layer of who they are.  I can disagree on one subject and agree with you on many others.  But most of all, I can show you the love that you as human being deserve.  

On to the photo's... a few more of Giraffe's because well.... it's Giraffe's and they are one cool animal.  And a few of some trees from Africa because that scenery and those trees still hold my heart.  Have a good day!  Know that you are important and loved.











Tuesday, January 3, 2017

Dwell in Hope.. Thoughts for 2017


 As much as I love a good sunset, (and who doesn't?) I have to say that for me, nothing tops a glorious sunrise.  It is my favorite time of day.  Especially if I'm near the beach.  I adore going out for an early morning sunrise walk on the beach.  It's usually quiet, not many people make it out for the sunrise.  The ocean always smells particularly fresh in the morning.  The air is usually crisper.  You can usually find the best treasures left on shore overnight first thing in the morning.  And if dolphins are near, you can usually watch them as they are closer to shore in the early morning hours.

But mainly for me, I like the hope that is present at the beginning of each new day.  The promise of a new day being different than the previous day.  The promise of change.  The infinite hope that this new day has the potential to be better than the last.  The realization and feeling of gratitude that I get at being given another day to try again.  Sunrises represent to me bright beginnings.

A lot of people feel that same way about facing a new year.  They are hopeful that 2017 will be better somehow than 2016.  Some people are desperately hoping for a miraculous 2017.  It's hard to not feel some of that desperate hopefulness for the year 2017.  

But even as I grow older and the years seem to pass quicker, a year is still a long time span to wrap my head around.  So instead, I have been practicing the art of starting smaller.  I practice the art of starting each morning with hope.  Being a little more focused on the now of the day and less focused on the future of tomorrow.  That's not to say that I don't make plans for the future-- it's still important to make some future plans, I just don't spend the majority of my time there.  

I find that when I place too much focus on the future, I miss the amazing moments of today because in the broad scope of things they may look or feel somehow small or insignificant.  I also find that if I spend to much of my time focused on the future I feel less gratitude in my life.  It's hard to feel gratitude for something that is a future event.  When I place more of my focus on the now of today,  I tend to feel gratitude more often, even for the small things.  And for me, greater feelings of gratitude bring forth greater feelings of hope.  I feel more hopeful because I recognize all the small things in my life that bring me joy, peace, and love. And when I am dwelling in hope and gratitude, I unknowingly pass those feelings on to those around me.  I smile more.  I laugh more.  I am more peaceful in situations that are stressful.  Dwelling in hope brings calmness to my life.  It keeps me from riding the up and down feelings roller coaster that causes so much harm to my well being.

So my prayer for myself and for you in 2017 is that you find a way to Dwell in Hope, each and every day.  Find ways to start every day with gratitude and hope.   When  the future seems too overwhelming, break it down into smaller, more manageable time spans.  Be hopeful and grateful for the sunrise.  Be hopeful and grateful for your morning coffee.  And on and on, until you find yourself dwelling in hope.

"But those who hope in the Lord will renew their strength.  They will soar on wings like eagles;  they will run and not grow weary, they will walk and not be faint."  Isaiah 40:31

I'll leave you with a few more sunrise photos.  Have a hopeful New Year!










Friday, December 16, 2016

African Sundowners... the beauty of endings...


The photo above is the sun setting over the waters of the Okavango Delta in Botswana.  We were sitting in a boat, out in the water, watching the sun set, listening to the birds sing their last song, and hearing the hippos as they softly grunted to each other. Every place we traveled to in Africa had the same routine around Sundown.  They referred to it as "sundowners."  Where ever we were at sunset, we would stop what we were doing and watch the sun sink below the horizon while drinking a sundowner beverage of our choice and nibbling on a few small portions of food.  In some ways, this routine was nothing new.  Most people I know  have enjoyed observing sunsets for years.  

But what they did in Africa was more than just pausing to catch a glimpse of the setting sun, it had a certain ring of ceremony to it.  A certain amount of gratefulness for the day, a time of quiet conversations and reflection.  There was an almost reverent feeling of acknowledgement for the day passing.  

By taking the time to practice the pause, they added meaning to what is a daily occurrence.  An average event.  It made even the sunsets that weren't as spectacular to look at special.  And for me, it was a reminder to stop and be thankful for the amazing things we had been able to see and do on that day.  There wasn't one sunset in Africa where I didn't have the thought of "Holy wow!!!!  I'm in Africa!!! Watching the sunset!!!  This is amazing!!!"

I was thinking about this year, how it is rapidly coming to a close, and reflecting on all that has happened.  In a way, I was having a sundowner moment.  And in that moment of pause, I let the feelings of gratitude and awe sweep over me.  It hasn't been a perfect year,  but I'm so grateful for the amazing moments I have experienced.  God continues to be good and faithful, gracious and loving towards me and my family.  I have gained new knowledge of myself and the world around me.  I have been blessed to spend time with friends and family.  My life isn't perfect, but my life is good.  And as the sun sets on this year, I want to take the time to practice the pause, to practice gratitude, and to acknowledge the passing of another year.

I would love to tell you that when I came back from Africa I continued this daily practice of pausing around sunset to celebrate the end of the day.  But, of course I don't do this on a daily basis because life gets busy, and I get caught up in it, and I'm often a forgetful and ungrateful human being.  But, I do think I practice the pause more often than I used to.  The reverence for the event of the sundowner somehow stuck with me.  And if, in my rushing I happen to catch a glimpse of a sunset, I am reminded to stop and pause.  Even if it is a short pause, I can at least stop long enough to say a quick, quiet, prayer of gratitude.  I'm trying to make it  if not a daily occurrence, at least a more than once a week occurrence.  

I hope that as the year ends, you take time for your sundowner.  Take the time to pause, reflect, and be grateful.  I pray that these last days of 2016 are peaceful and full of love for you!

I'll leave you with a few more sunset photos.  Enjoy!


Okavango Delta, Botswana



Zambezi River, Zambia


Kalahari Desert, South Africa

Outer Banks, North Carolina


Outer Banks, North Carolina


Tuscany, Italy


Tuscany, Italy


Tuesday, December 6, 2016

Parisian Assumptions


My guess is all of you know what this is and where this is.  Yup, it's the Eiffel Tower in Paris.  And this past summer, I managed to get my heights hating husband up into said tower, with only a few groans.

Originally, we had planned to visit Paris with a couple and their daughter who are friends of ours.  The wife had lived in Paris for a few years when younger and wanted to go back with her husband and daughter to show them the city.  Since she speaks fluent French (and I don't, like at allllll) we thought it would be fun to go together.  Unfortunately, this couple had to cancel out, and so it was just the three of us left to explore.

Listen, I grew up dreaming of Paris.  Watching movies about it, reading books that took place there, etc....  And, having traveled a little bit in the South of France, I felt that we could bumble through Paris on our own just fine.  I was excited to go and explore this amazing city.

But, I have to admit, I also had some trepidation about going to Paris.  I had heard the stories of how famously snobbish Parisians are, especially towards travelers from the U.S.  Friends of mine who had traveled there and who had lived there even warned me that they could be a bit snobbish and standoffish.  Even some of the French I had met in Provence (southern France) had mentioned that they didn't like the "stuck-up attitude" of those Parisians.  That they thought they were better than everyone else.  So, with those thoughts and warnings in my mind, I  began to prepare myself and family for the well known "Parisian" attitudes we would encounter while there.

Let me say, Paris is everything I dreamed of and more!  It is a city filled with outstanding art, music, architecture, gastronomical delights, romance, and so much more.  Every rounded corner contained amazing delights for the eyes and ears.  The shops are amazing, even the window displays are out of this world fantastic.  I often felt like I had been transported to this stunning new world.  I probably walked around with my mouth hanging wide open 90% of the time.

And although the sites and sounds out-performed the hype, the most amazing thing about Paris?  Parisians.  Make no mistake, they are a very well-dressed, well-bred , well-educated group.  And how could they not be, surrounded as they are by all this amazing history, art, music, and food.  But they are also an amazing melting pot of different ethnicities, religions, viewpoints, and economic levels.  I found them to be polite, kind, and courteous.  They are fiercely proud of their city, and they should be-- it's amazing.  I found that they were outright encouraging and willing to teach when asked about their culture, history, art, music, food, etc...  They were warm, welcoming and fantastically funny.  I loved the very dry sense of humor that we encountered on more than one occasion.  I not only fell in love with Paris the city, but with the Parisian people.  And I can't wait to go back!

And I am so glad that I didn't let "assumptions" keep me from making this trip.  I am extremely glad that I didn't let my assumptions keep me from interacting with the lovely Parisian people I ran into.  I probably would have still enjoyed the city, but I would have missed out on it's heartbeat, on what makes Paris so special-- which is it's people.  And that would have been a sad thing to miss.

These days, everywhere I turn we are making assumptions about a group of people.  There are assumptions about people who voted one way or another in the recent presidential election.  There are assumptions about the laziness or perceived ungrateful privilege of young people.  There are assumptions about ethnicity, about those in government, about those who have money and those who do  not. The list goes on and on.  And the problem with these assumptions is that they allow us and even encourage us to keep a distance from other people.  They allow us to somehow "de-humanize" someone else because we assume something about them based on what group we place them in.

The definition of assumption is:  a thing that is accepted as true or certain without proof.

Let's focus on the "without proof" portion.  How do you prove that something is true or untrue?  The only way to do that is by getting closely and intimately involved. And that would involve laying down your assumptions and doing the hard work of finding out what the truth is.  So, next time, before you assume that someone will act or behave a certain way, why don't you take the time to get to know them?  Ask questions, find out if what you assumed would happen, does in fact happen.  Quit defining people as groups and instead define them as individuals.  You might be pleasantly surprised.

So, thank you Paris, for being one of the most pleasant surprises of my life.  What a joy it was to visit your amazing city and people!  I'll leave you with a few more photos of Paris and with a traditional French toast:  A votre sante! (to your health)


















Friday, December 2, 2016

Thirst... Running for Water...a Tale of the Wildebeest


The animals pictured above are Wildebeests.  More specifically, they are Blue Wildebeests.    They form large herds, and in many places in Africa they participate in a mass migration twice a year.  They can reach speeds up to 50 miles an hour and run together in a herd, with the young running in the middle for protection.  They are a wild looking animal.

While at Tswalu in South Africa, this herd would run past our hut everyday on their way to the watering hole located at the lodge.  You could always hear them before you could see them, because when they were running for the water, they would begin to grunt loudly.  The grunt they make sounds sort of like they are say "gahnuuuuu", which is where they probably got their other name from, which is Gnu.  And I noticed that when they were close to a water source, they always, always, began to run in ernest.  They never walked into the watering hole.  They were always at a run, kicking up a dust cloud in their wake, all the while fussing and calling to each other, urging the herd on, faster and faster.



I noticed that none of the other herds or groups of animals did that.  All the rest would come in quietly, almost sneaking their way in, cautious, careful, and ever watchful when they were coming in for a drink.  Not the Wildebeest.  They announced their arrival.




What was funny, was that even though they had run right past me on their way to the water, they had absolutely no clue I was there, until the dust they had stirred up made me sneeze.  You can see from the photo's above the moment they became aware that I was there observing them.  I sneezed and every eyeball turned to focus on me.  They had been so focused on their thirst, on their rush to get water, that they had run right past me without even noticing I was there.  It's a good thing that the only thing I was hunting them with was my camera, or their lack of caution could have proved deadly for one or more of them.  In fact, this is often when predators attack, while the herd is distracted.

And here I am going to make the jump from Africa to the current day, time, and year.  It is the first of December, and many of us, like the Wildebeest running for water, are  rushing frantically towards the holidays.  We are loudly calling out, kicking up our own form of a dust cloud, as we  run towards Christmas day.  Let me be clear, I enjoy this run towards Christmas.  The energy in the air is contagious and fun.  The activities and events and festivities are wonderful.  

In this season, enjoy the running, the rushing, the events, and the crazy schedules.  But don't rush past and forget that the true reason for all these celebrations is that you are deeply, amazingly, wildly loved by God.  You were loved so much, that even before you were even born, He put into place a plan on how to show you His great love for you.  Don't allow yourself to be so distracted that you miss this point entirely.

I'll leave you with a few more Wildebeest photo's.  They are truly a crazy looking animal.  What was interesting, for all their vocalizing and noise when they were running towards the water, once they  drank their fill, they would quietly and calmly walk away to find a place to rest.















Tuesday, November 22, 2016

Awestruck


I have always had a love for old, big cathedrals.  Seriously, I am like a bee to honey when I see one.  If you ask my husband or son, they would probably say that when I am visiting a place I leave no cathedral unvisited.  That isn't quite true however because some places have so many it would take several trips to see them all.  Which I just might have to do.  In particular, I am in love with the old cathedrals in Europe-- mostly because here in the U.S. we have few cathedrals that actually compare in size.

I love that over in Europe you have to keep your shoulders and knees covered out of a sense of respect.  I love the smell of age,  incense, and burning candle wax that permeates these buildings.  I love the dimness of the nooks and crannies. I'm in love with the feeling of being small when I stand in the middle of one of these grand churches and crane my head up, up, up to look towards the extremely high ceilings.  I love the fact that they employ "shushers."  Most of the cathedrals are working places of worship, and as such they ask you to be quiet out of respect to those who may be praying.  Tourists, being tourists, often forget in their excitement to be quiet-- thus some of the larger, more visited cathedrals have people who remind you to be quiet by shushing you.  Some do it over a P.A. system, which is interesting. I love the carvings, the sculpture, the stained glass windows, and the paintings often contained within these structures.  I get practically giddy when I am in a cathedral where I am allowed to climb well worn staircases made of stone.  The fact that you can see the worn spots where people have walked up and down for centuries is amazing to me.  I particularly love cathedrals that contain some of the old wooden benches, where people have sat and worshiped and prayed for years. I love the way the sunbeams shine through the windows to illuminate parts of the flooring, or the alter, or a piece of artwork.  I love the patterns left on the floor by sunbeams passing through a stained glass window.  I'm in awe of the domes and buttresses.  All of it time consumingly handcrafted.  I love the fact that these buildings have seen some of the worst that people and life can throw at them, and yet, they are still here.  They have withstood changes in political power, famine, war, natural disaster, times of plenty and times of scarcity... and they still stand.

If I were to describe the feeling I get every time I walk into one of these buildings, the word would be Awestruck.  These buildings are amazing works of architecture, especially considering that they were built in a place and time where they had no modern machinery to use in the building process.  

The photo above is from the inside of the Milan Cathedral in Italy.  It is the fifth largest cathedral in the world.  This church took six centuries to complete.  Six centuries!  It is built in the Italian Gothic style and has a capacity of 40,000.  She is 520 feet long, 302 feet wide and 354 feet tall.  She also has 135 spires on the rooftop. Interestingly enough, the church facade was  completed upon an order from  a famous Frenchman, Napoleon Bonaparte.  This cathedral has survived political turmoil and even the  bombing of Milan during World War II.

Some people love this cathedral, for it's grandeur.  For it's over the top design.  Some people hate it for the same reasons.  I however, had the same reaction I have to every cathedral I step into.  I was awestruck!

So, I have a question for you today.  What leaves you awestruck?  What inspires a sense of wonder?  In this very cynical day and age, an age where we have more information available to us than we possibly have time to read or absorb, does anything leave you in awe?

Being awestruck is something I think we should all seek out once and a while.  For me, being awestruck is a combination of being filled with wonder, gratitude,and a sense of humility.  Those moments of awe remind me of how small I really am, in the big scheme of things.  It reminds me to be grateful for  my life.  These moments bring a sense of reverence to my life that I don't have in the little everyday moments.  And the awestruck moments I experience in these amazing cathedrals do what they were intended to do; that is to  remind me of how big my God is.  How everlasting, ever loving, ever present, never changing He is.  And when I slow down enough to feel all of that, I am awestruck.

This scripture from Psalms captures some of what I feel, standing there:

"When I consider your heavens, the work of your fingers, the moon and the stars, which you have set in place, what is man that you care for him? "  Psalm 8:3-4

As we start the Holiday Season, take some time to be awestruck.  Leave some time for wonder.  Look for those little moments that make you feel small, grateful, and full of wonder.  That's what this season is meant to inspire, a sense of awe that God would give up what He held most dear in order to show a weary world how much He loved them.  Be awestruck today that you are deeply loved!

I'll leave you with a few more photos of some of my favorite cathedrals.  Happy Thanksgiving!

Duomo Milano

Notre Dame, Paris

Notre Dame, Paris

 Notre Dame, Paris

St. Eustache, Paris

St. Sevren, Paris

Duomo Montalcino, Italy

Duomo, Siena, Italy

Duomo Siena, Italy

Duomo in Lucca, Italy

San Lorenzo, Florence, Italy

St. Peter's, Vatican

Barcelona Cathedral